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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1115 COCA: 1223
*scale¹
/skeɪl ||; skel/noun
1 [C,U] the size of sth, especially when compared to other things （相对的）大小，规模，程度: We shall be making the product on a large scale next year. 明年我们将大规模生产这种产品。 At this stage it is impossible to estimate the full scale of the disaster. 现阶段还无法充分估计这场灾难严重性。
2 [C] a series of marks on a tool or piece of equipment that you use for measuring sth （度量衡工具上的）刻度，标度: The ruler has one scale in centimetres and one scale in inches. 直尺上有厘米的刻度和英寸的刻度。
3 [C] a series of numbers, amounts, etc that are used for measuring or fixing the level of sth （用于量度、衡量程度的一套标级数字）: The earthquake measured 6.5 on the Richter scale. 这次地震为里氏6.5级。 the new pay scale for nurses 新的护士薪级表 ☞Look at the Beaufort scale and the Richter scale. 参看the Beaufort scale及the Richter scale。
4 [C] the relationship between the actual size of sth and its size on a map or plan （实物与图表之间的）比例，比率: The map has a scale of one centimetre to a kilometre. 这地图的比例是一厘米代表一千米。 a scale of 1: 50000 (= one to fifty thousand) 比例1：50000 We need a map with a larger scale. 我们需要一张比例较大的地图。 a scale model 比例模型
5 scales [pl] a piece of equipment that is used for weighing sb/sth 秤；磅秤: I weighed it on the kitchen scales. 我把它放在厨房的秤上称。
6 [C] a series of musical notes which go up or down in a fixed order. People play or sing scales to improve their technical ability 音阶: the scale of C major C大调音阶
7 [C] one of the small flat pieces of hard material that cover the body of some fish and animals （鱼及动物身上的）鳞，鳞片: the scales of a snake 蛇鳞 ☞picture on page C1 见C1页插图
scale²
/skeɪl ||; skel/verb [T] to climb up a high wall, steep cliff, etc 攀登，攀爬（高墙、悬崖等） scale sth up/down to increase/decrease the size, number, importance, etc of sth 增加╱减少（大小、数量、重要性等）: Police have scaled up their search for the missing boy. 警方已加强搜寻那个失踪男孩。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1115 COCA: 1223
scale1/skel; skeIl/ n 1 [singular 单数, U] how big or important something is 规模﹐程度﹐范围: large-/small-scale a large-scale development project 大规模的开发项目The house is built on a grand scale . 这栋房子建得很气派。People underestimated the sheer scale (=very big size) of the problem. 人们低估了这个问题的严重程度。2 [singular 单数] the full range of different types of people or things 等级﹐级别: One-third of the group had no qualifications at all while, at the other end of the scale , six were qualified teachers. 这一组有三分之一的人没有任何资历﹐而资历最高的六个人是合格教师。They came from opposite ends of the social scale . 他们来自社会的最高层和最低层。3 [C usually singular 一般用单数] a system for measuring how strong, fast, or good something is〔用于计量的〕级别﹐等级: on a scale The earthquake measured 5.8 on the Richter scale. 这次地震是里氏 5.8 级。Your papers will be marked on a scale of one to ten. 你们的试卷将按一到十的等级来评分。4 scales [plural 复数] BrE 【英】scale AmE 【美】a piece of equipment for weighing people or objects 磅秤﹐秤: kitchen scales 厨房用秤a set of bathroom scales (=for weighing people) 一套浴室磅秤see picture at 见 WEIGH 图5 [C] a set of marks with regular spaces between them on a tool that is used for measuring things〔测量工具上的〕标度﹐刻度: a ruler with a metric scale 有公制刻度的尺6 [C,U] the relationship between the size of a map, drawing, or model and the actual size of the place or thing that it shows 比例（尺）﹐比例: a scale of 1 inch to the mile 一英寸代表一英里的比例7 [C] a series of musical notes with a fixed distance between them that become gradually higher or lower 音阶8 [C usually plural 一般用复数] the scales on a fish or snake are the small flat pieces of hard skin that cover its body〔鱼或蛇的〕鳞see picture on page 见 A2 页图
scale2 v [T] to climb to the top of something that is high 攀登﹐爬上: They scaled a 40-foot wall and escaped. 他们爬上 40 英尺高的墙逃走了。scale sth back/down phr v to reduce the size or effectiveness of something [→ decrease] 缩小﹔减弱: Military operations in the area have been scaled down. 这一地区的军事行动已缩减了规模。scale sth up phr v to increase the size or effectiveness of something 增加﹐扩大: Production at the factory is being scaled up. 这家工厂的生产规模扩大了。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1115 COCA: 1223
scale scalescalesscaledscaling noun1the size or level of something: It was not until morning that the full scale of the damage could be seen.2a set of levels or numbers used for measuring something: Their work is assessed on a scale from 1 to 10.3 scales (plural) (British) (American scale) a machine for showing how heavy people or things are: bathroom scales4 how distances are shown on a map: This map has a scale of one centimetre to ten kilometres.5 one of the flat hard things that cover the body of animals like fish and snakes

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